Systems that I have worked on in the past usually have had a different circuit for the light, but I have seen in done both ways.
Another system that I have worked on in the past had a "redundant" e-stop circuit in which the normal e-stop circuit is on a NC contacts, but another part of the circuit is on a NO contact. If both contacts do not change state within a defined amount of time, then a fault of "e-stop mismatch" would be given.
Other setups I have seen have been where once the e-stop button is pushed, then the light is illuminated on every e-stop button on the machine, but another set of contacts is used to tell the PLC where at on the machine the e-stop button is pushed in at, then a fault message can be annunciated on a display.
Don't know for sure if any of these is specifically addressed in the NEC. Probably the NFPA 79 or other industrial standards would come in to play.