It doesn?t, of course. But it does say ?wall space.?
My answers are, in order, yes, yes, yes, yes, and no.
The difference is that for your first four examples, you started by saying ?studs and drywall.? As soon as you mention ?drywall,? you brought in the requirement for receptacles. It is the drywall that becomes ?wall space.? As soon as you install the drywall, you better have already had your rough in inspection for the required receptacles. But a built-in bookcase does not create wall space.
There was a recent, related question, in which the OP was in disagreement with a state inspector. It was a kitchen (or what I would call a ?butler?s pantry?), with the upper cabinets extending all the way down to the countertop surface. The inspector wanted receptacles (built somehow into the upper cabinets, perhaps) to serve the (9 inch deep) countertop areas. The OP was concerned that it would not be safe to place a coffee pot or other appliance on that small a space. My reply was that the rule is not about serving countertops. The rule is about receptacles being required in wall counter spaces. In the butler?s pantry design, there is no wall behind the countertop. My opinion was, and still is, that that situation did not involve ?wall counter spaces,? and therefore no receptacles were required.