That would be an identification violation.
There is no specific rule in the NEC that says you can't use the EGC as a grounded conductor. I know that it is not a good idea and it is the intent of the code to not permit that, but there is no specific wording that says that.
I agree that it does not say "uses not permitted". I think that it is implied by definition.
Grounding Conductor, Equipment (EGC). The conductive path(s) installed to connect normally non?current-carrying metal parts of equipment together and
to the system grounded conductor or to the grounding electrode conductor, or both.
250.6 Objectionable Current.
(A) Arrangement to Prevent Objectionable Current. The grounding of electrical systems, circuit conductors, surge arresters, surge-protective devices, and conductive normally non?current-carrying metal parts of equipment
shall be installed and arranged in a manner that will prevent objectionable current.