2 phase system

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So I was taught that there are single phase ac systems and three phase ac systems, no such thing as "two phase systems" but I see 2 phase systems referenced in the code.
Maybe I should just Google it, but to what is it referring?
 
So I read a Wikipedia article on 2 phase systems, I'm surprised that I haven't read that before; since 2 phase systems according to the article were a substantial part of electrical history, and still used in a couple cities at least.
Anyone here had any experience with these type of systems?
 
So I was taught that there are single phase ac systems and three phase ac systems, no such thing as "two phase systems" but I see 2 phase systems referenced in the code.
Maybe I should just Google it, but to what is it referring?
Google or even search this site and you can find some significant information.

To keep it short it is two separate windings (that may be connected at a common point) in the source that are placed 90 degrees from one another.

A single phase induction motor is actually a two phase motor - two windings and some method of creating a phase shift between those windings. With no phase shift you don't develop any torque in the rotor. A true two phase motor doesn't need capacitors or different impedances in the windings to create a phase differential - it already exists in the supply. Same with three phase motors but with three windings and 120 degree differential.
 
It takes as many (or more) conductors to accomplish 2 phase as it does 3 phase, and because you can get more net power from the same size conductors with 3 phase, people stopped using 2 phase very early on. The only places it still exists are small pockets of old legacy industrial users, such as some old furniture factories around Philadelphia, a few places in upstate New York and maybe one or two others where the industrial facilities were built around the turn of the last century, when electrical distribution was in its infancy. Since you can't buy new 2 phase motors, even those are more museums than production facilities in many cases. So very few electricians come across it in their careers and even then, usually in upgrading to 3 phase.
 
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