24VAC 75VA transformer fuse?

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TheGingerElectrician

Master Electrician Electrical Contractor, TN
Location
Tennessee
Occupation
Electrical Contractor
What size fuse would be used to protect a 24vac secondary 75VA transformer? Would it be a 3 Amp MDL glass fuse?
 
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If the primary protection is 167% or less than the primary full load current, secondary protection is not required.
If the primary protection is greater than 167% but does not exceed 250%, you must provide secondary protection that does not exceed 167%.
 
If the primary protection is 167% or less than the primary full load current, secondary protection is not required.
If the primary protection is greater than 167% but does not exceed 250%, you must provide secondary protection that does not exceed 167%.
Would it be a medium delay fuse or a fast acting fuse?
 
210902-0851 EDT

TheGingerElectrican:

An MDL is slow blow fuse.

Transformer inrush current --- see my curves at http://beta-a2.com/EE-photos.html
Plots P! thru P4 are of a tungsten filament bulb.
Plot P4 is of an Ohmite power resistor.
Plots P6 thru P8 are the primary current of an unloaded transformer.

The residual flux state of a transformer from its last turn off, and the point in the applied AC voltage at next turn on, and loading will determine peak inrush current at next turn on.

This worst case turn on transient will determine how you size a primary fuse. You want to use a slow-blow fuse, and size it to protect your secondary load, and not trip on in rush current. Look at fuse curves for MDL and your worst case input in rush current.

75 VA and 24 V is 3.1 A at 24 V. If we assume 120 V for the transformer input, then primary input current at full load is about 0.63 A. But there is also some additional magnetizing current. Assume steady state input is about 1 A. Assume peak in rush is 10 times peak steady state, then peak 1/2 cycle current will be around 14 A. Look at MDL curves for 20 milliseconds. What MDL fuse might handle this? Is that suitable for your steady state load current? If not consider adding a series negative coefficient thermistor in the input circuit.

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210902-2102 EDT

I tried to look at some Busmann curves. Not easy to read, but I think the following values are about correct:

AGC 1 A fuse at 0.1 seconds blows at about 5 A, 20 A at 30 millisec.
MDL 1 A fuse at 0.1 seconds blows at about 20 A, 40 A at 30 millisec.

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I'd consider the inrush period to be up to 40 milliseconds! To be safe, please try to compute for the inrush current based on the published inrush VA of the CPT that you have. Also, the load amps add to the inrush current and it is advisable to use least squares.
Ex. a 75 VA CPT could have an inrush VA of 350 VA and if the CPT is fully-loaded (sealed VA= 75 VA), the total inrush VA = square root (350^2+75^2) =357.9 VA, which the primary amps at 120V will be 2.98A. Look for a fuse TCC that does not blow below 3.0 A in 40 milliseconds! My 2 cents.
 
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