You are looking at the wrong table in the NEC. You need to look at Table 250.122, It appears you have looked at Table 250.66.
The conductor is an Equipment Grounding Conductor and its size is based on the upstream overcurrent protective device for the circuit. The typically OCPD for 500kcmil conductors is 400 amps and the code requires a minimum of a 3AWG EGC. The cable, with a 2AWG EGC, exceeds the code requirements.
Try to really learn the difference between EGC and GEC. Those terms are very different and was the cause for why you looked at wrong table. You won’t regret having learned the difference if you stay in this field.