2017 NEC 406.4(D) is about replacing existing receptacle outlet devices. The replacement receptacle outlet device must be installed in a manner that results in GFCI protection on that which is plugged into the receptacle. Whether, or not, the replacement receptacle outlet device is a GFCI is a design choice based upon the wiring method conditions. You have to result, when you are finished, in being able to do a 5.0 milliamp ground fault test with something plugged into the replacement receptacle and get a trip in the GFCI, where ever it is (right there, upstream in another device or at the circuit breaker.)