Re: bathroom lighting
Section 410.66(A)(1)
requires a 1/2 inch space from all combustable material.
section 410.4(D)
states a 'zone' of which an 8 foot height above the rim of the bathtub or shower stall shall be maintained, but recessed fixtures are not listed in this section for the restricted 'zone'. Read this section for further info.
I do not see in the NEC where a recessed fixture over a tub is required to be GFCI protected, I am sure if it is required by the NEC and I missed it, someone will point it out.
If in the manufacturer's installation instructions it mandates GFCI protection, then it obviously is required.
If an AHJ deems the bathtub area a damp location the fixture has to be listed and labeled as suitable for a damp location.
Most of us use a Shower Trim to enclose the bulb of a recessed fixture in the bathtub/shower, this way the bulb will not rupture and spill into the tub/shower area. The problem wiht this is a smaller lamp size and the trim reduses the lumen output and customers usually complain about that.
Pierre