It’s not even there in UL489.
Frame sizes were somewhat standardized eons ago when there were only a few mfrs and they WANTED people to be able to change out a competitor’s breaker with their own. But once short circuit interrupt ratings and listing/testing requirements standardized, that became virtually impossible anyway. Now it means something only within each manufacturer’s product line.
That said, breaker manufacturing is a very up-front design intense process that is expensive, but once done, breakers can be manufactured very cheaply (relative to the sell price) at high volumes. So a lot of mfrs make a particular frame size that they then sell in bulk to competitors to keep their volume up, resulting in an odd mashup of specific frames that do in fact physically interchange. But the brand-labelers retain the rights to the listings in their own gear. So even though a form of 100AF Siemens breaker is the same as the 100AF Eaton breaker (both are made at Eaton’s facility in the Dominican Republic), you cannot put the Eaton version into a Siemens panel or vice versa. It will physically fit, but you will be violating the listing of the panel.