I would think that if you had an existing pool and added a light, or you were adding a pool with lights then the fixtures would need to be meet 680.22(B)(1) for outdoor installs (12 ft above water for an area extending 5 ft beyond edge) or 680.22(B)(2) for indoor installs.
If you had a situation where a pool was being added and there were already existing fixtures then 680.22(B)(3) would allow those fixtures to be reduced to a 5 ft above water level if all the conditions were met.
Basically I see a situation where you might have an existing wall mounted fixture beside an exterior door. A pool is added, then if that fixture were within 5 ft of the edge of the pool it would need to be 5 ft above the water level and GFCI protected. If you were installing a new fixture, it would need to be 12 ft above the water level.