For a box you only need to count all of the EGC's as one conductor based on the largest EGC in the box. 314.16(B)(5)
For conduit fill all conductors, including any EGC's, within the conduit count towards the fill. Chapter 9, note #3.
For conductor fill you need to know the raceway type, the conductor size and the insulation type to answer your last question. For example for EMT and #12 THHN conductors your maximum conduit fill will be 1/2"-9, 3/4-16, 1"-26. Table C.1