I would call it a peninsula since it has three sides accessible and is attached to something on the fourth side. A counter (in my mind) needs to have a backsplash of some sort. An island would be completely freestanding.
The layout shown in the photo seems pretty odd to me. I can't tell if one, two or no sides of this will have seating, or if the rest of the kitchen is to the left or to the right of what we see. I don't think any of my inspectors would require an outlet in this unit, but I agree that it might be a good idea considering the length of the unit.
I had one customer recently who adapted a reclaimed freestanding cabinet as an island. It wasn't, however, attached to the floor. In that case the inspector let it go without power to it because it was technically portable but it sure looks like an island...