It limits the amount of current that will flow in a period of time. The higher the current the quicker they open. For a Class CC fuse it is something like 1/4 cycle. All sorts of different ratings for different fuses, CBs, MCP, etc.
A current limiting device as I look at it is an OCPD that limits the let through fault current when clearing a fault reducing the damage.
Current limiting devices may also be used with series rated OCPDs if tested and UL listed as such.
For example it may be possible to have 65ka of available fault current feeding into down stream OCPDs that may only be rated 10kaic. Should there be an OCPD that has a 65kaic rating that has a UL series rating with those specific 10kaic down stream devices the 65kaic OCPD has the capability to clear the fault and limit the let through current to within the 10kaic rating of the down stream OCPDs.
That's me view of what a current limiting device is.
Is it possible he is talking about current limiters that are installed at the service for parallel installations to keep protect individual conductors of the paralleled set?