Docks, Grounding and Grounded

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sb1280

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Here goes my first post:

Problem: AmerenUE and Local Fire District together since January 2006 have been trying to bring the docks at the Lake of the Ozarks up to NEC 2005 code as they are installed new or modified in place.

Numerous docks have existing feeders from service panel to onshore subpanel that are 3 wire only, 2 ungrounded conductors and 1 grounded conductor. The local ordinance is being enforced as docks are upgraded, moved or new installations. One of the items the local ordinance requires a minimum upgrade of a grounding electrode 1/2" x 8', and grounding electrode conductor of #6 copper to a grounding busbar that is seperated from the grounded busbar. The dock ramp, dock and all hinged points are bonded together back to the grounding electrode at the seawall.

So you have 3 wire feeder on a 100 to 200 amp subpanel at the seawall with a grounding electrode and conductor to subpanel from electrode, but no grounding conductor back to the service.

If the grounding busbar and grounded busbar are not bonded together will this clear a ground fault?
If they are bonded together do you now have a paralled paths on the dock?

Yesterday (for years on some docks) the existing 200 amp 3 wire subpanel was used and now it is not acceptable or is it?

The first item on the AHJ is there shall be 4 wire ran to subpanels. But since no grounding conductor was ran, but it is my understanding that 250.32 (B)2 doesn't apply even though from service to subpanel is in PVC the dock being all metal frame work is a possible parallel path when bonded as required.

I have several pictures but don't a place to post them.

Diagrams and Documents of AHJ additions can found at:
http://www.ameren.com/Environment/ADC_DockElectrInstal.asp


Steve at the Lake.
 

Dennis Alwon

Moderator
Staff member
Location
Chapel Hill, NC
Occupation
Retired Electrical Contractor
If I understand you correctly then the proposed change is a violation of the NEC. If you have a 3 wire system then the GEC must be connected to the grounded conductor as well as bonded to the EGC.

It sounds like there is no grounding bus-- you have nothing connected to it. A gronding electrode conductor connected to a ground rod will not clear a fault.

Take a wire from a breaker, say 20 amps, and connect it to that ground rod. I bet it won't trip the breaker.
 

winnie

Senior Member
Location
Springfield, MA, USA
Occupation
Electric motor research
Ask the AHJ to identify the 'effective ground fault current path' when you have a three wire feeder to the subpanel. Perhaps they are requiring you to replace the feeder as well.

Either they have actually considered this issue and have an official answer, or they've not considered the issue and need to figure it out, or they are clueless about the difference between grounding and bonding and need some education.

Take a look at http://forums.mikeholt.com/showthread.php?t=78799 (long thread, sorry), about a situation where people were getting shocked between docks and the water. I could imagine a circumstance where _not_ bonding the dock back to the service would actually be a safer system; provision the dock subpanel with GFPE and faults to the unbonded dock would still trip the breakers. This would, of course, not be NEC compliant, and not something that I would install anywhere without solid engineering analysis.

I have read (but never attempted and do not recommend) that the test Dennis suggests is a great way to catch worms.

-Jon
 
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