The NEC does not require that electrical rooms be provided for any equipment, regardless of rating. So long as you maintain the required working clearance, you can put a 1200 amp switchboard into a college classroom, a restaurant's dining area, or a car dealership's showroom.
The 2008 NEC did bring back a rule concerning entry to the working space for equipment that is feet wide, rated over 1200 amp, and contains overcurrent devices. I don't have a copy of the 2008 handy, but I know it is somewhere in 110.26.