You're only limited to the length rope, fishtape, rodder, etc. and how long the conductor is available from the manufacturer.
That and 360? of total bends. Some job specs and local codes may have a limit but it's not in the NEC.
I agree, it's another one of those "urban codes" that you need a pull box every 100'.
Is there a code that states the length conduit can be run prior to installing a pull box? I need the code not the recommendation.