It is my understanding that a fire pump can be connected to an electrical system before the main breaker. Is this true and is there a distance limitation on this type of installation. Can anyone shed any light on this issue?
A fire pump does not typically have a service disconnect or "main breaker". If it does then the service disconnect must be able to hold lock rotor current of the fire pump. For a 100 hp fire pump this can be 800 amperes. Conductors from the outside of the building to the fire pump have to have a 2 hour fire resistance.
Take a look at NEC Article 695 Fire Pumps. NFPA standard 20 is a must have if you are installing and maintaining fire pumps.