I have heard that code requires flourescent lighting as the general lighting for kitchen. Is this true? Are there any exceptions? What if I want to install recessed can lights with incandescent lamps.
It is not true. The code is concerned with safety, not interior design. If you "hear" this again, you might ask the speaker for a code citation to back up the statement.
Charlie is right, the NEC does not require fluorescents in a kitchen or any where else. But there may be some local energy legislation that may require it in some new constructions.
If your project is in the state of California the this is true. The state energy code requires the general lighting for kitchens to be at least 40 lumens/watt. Fluorescent lighting is about the only light source that will meet this requirement unless you want to use metal halide, high pressure sodium or low pressure sodium fixtures. You can not use fluorescent adapters in standard incandescent fixtures. The general lighting circuit can not have any medium based incandescent sockets.
California Energy Code requires the "general lighting" for a kitchen to be at least 40 lumens per watt. Specialty task lights need not meet this criteria. The "general lighting" shall be controlled by a switch, readily located at an entrance to the kitchen.
Brian, it to conserve that valuable electricity that other states ream us with. The requirement also goes for bathrooms. The bathroom requirement can be exempted if a utility room/garage has 40 lumen per watt lighting and all exterior lighting is on photo cell, timer or motion detector control.