In the 2008 NEC GFCI protection is required-
590.6 Ground-Fault Protection for Personnel.
Ground-fault protection for personnel for all temporary wiring installations shall be provided to comply with 590.6(A) and (B). This section shall apply only to temporary wiring installations used to supply temporary power to equipment used by personnel during construction, remodeling, maintenance, repair, or demolition of buildings, structures, equipment, or similar activities. This section shall apply to power derived from an electric utility company or from an on-site-generated power source.
But it does not say where the GFCI must be. Look soon for generators with built in GFCI.
But under some cases the GFCI may not trip with a ground fault.