Re: Grounded conductor as current carrying conductor
Do you mean "grounded," as in what is commonly called "neutral"? If so, then that conductor carries current all the time.
Do you mean "grounding," or more properly "equipment grounding conductor," or what is commonly called "ground (green or bare copper) wire"? If so, look at 250.6 and 250.24(A)(5). I am sure there are other, and perhaps more relevant, code articles. But I have to run to a meeting, and can't look them up now.