I believe in 1971 any receptacle outlet within 15' of a swimming pool required gfci protection. I also believe there was a requirement for all exterior receptacles to have gfci, but that was not to be effective until Jan. 1, 1973. Bathrooms were added in 1975, garages in 1978. So on and so on....
I believe that the first GFCI's were a Class B type which were used for pool lighting. The had a higher current imbalance rating than the 4-6 ma ones we use today.
Thanks infinity. Paul, a book you may want to read is "Overcurrents and Undercurrents: All about GFCI's and AFCI's", by Earl W Roberts. I found it to be a very educational book with alot of information.