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Interesting trip on a dual function breaker

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James L

Senior Member
Location
Kansas Cty, Mo, USA
Occupation
Electrician
Working on a new home come and realized every time I come in the house the breaker for the main floor lighting is tripped. This has been going on for months.

We installed all the receptacles and switches. recessed trims and oitdoor floodlights back in December, and untold number of changes has dragged the project along. So this tripping has happened at least 25 or 30 times that I know of. But never trips while I'm there.

The circuit starts at the switch for the hallway (5 recessed) near the garage, around to a USB receptacle at a shoe bench, over to a single gang for a recess light in the laundry room, over to a 2 gang near the back door which switches 4 floodlights and one large 3rd floor flood light, a 2 gang for kitchen cans and pendants, dining room 2 ganf switching recessed lights and a chandelier, and a 4 gang at the front door switching recessed lights in living room, front oorch, above garage doors and 3rd floor balcony ceiling.

Both the 3rd- floor flood and the 3rd floor balcony lighting are on 3way switches from 1st- floor to 3rd - flood light is at rear of house and so are switches. Balcony lighting is on front and side, both 1st- and 3rd- floor switches at front.

Basically, this circuit wraps the entire 1st floor and has two 3-way switching circuits shooting up to the 3rd floor.

When we roughed in, the switch legs for the 3rd floor flood and cans both had to be stubbed out in the same place because of the home construction. But we had an incident - the guy I had helping me installed that outside lighting and made it all up. And he cut both switch legs at a can light. Now the switch leg for the floodlight was not long enough.

No biggie, I told him. Just splice it in that can light and extend it over to the flood. So he did.

Fast forward numerous months and this is the circuit that's tripping, and I didn't give any thought to that lighting on the 3rd floor until I went to install the floodlight and recessed trims (had temp bulbs prior). There was no power to the flood when I turned on the switch. I realized the breaker had tripped.

I took apart the 3rd floor switch for the flood and disconnected the wires, and the breaker held. I went back to the switch and realized there was power on the traveller AND the switch leg. Odd, considering the traveler came from below and the switch leg went out above.

Then it occurred to me what had happened. When the wire for the floodlight got spliced into the can, there were 4 cables - in and out on the flood, in and out on the cans. But the dimwit connected all 4 of them together

So I separated them as they should be, and that circuit hasn't tripped again.

So here's the curious part. All of the lighting and all of those switches are on the same circuit. All the switches are connected from the power circuit jumping jumping from switch to switch on the first floor. But in this trouble spot, they were also connected on the 3rd floor through those switch legs and travellers.

I can't see how that would cause a trip.
But apparently it did because it seems fixed now

🤷‍♂️🤷‍♂️
 

don_resqcapt19

Moderator
Staff member
Location
Illinois
Occupation
retired electrician
If those connections resulted in a second neutral path for the current on the tripping dual function breaker, as they are AFCI/GFCI devicecs.
 

James L

Senior Member
Location
Kansas Cty, Mo, USA
Occupation
Electrician
In that image, every switch and every light that I marked, they're on the one circuit.

Home run is at the switch near the top right.
It goes left to the receptacle, laundry switch, flood switches (one is 3way to 3rd floor), across to kitchen and pantry, then dining room and front door, which also has a 3way to 3rd floor.

Switch legs for 3rd floor lighting both come from 3rd floor switches, then wrap around and were joined in a recessed light
 

Little Bill

Moderator
Staff member
Location
Tennessee NEC:2017
Occupation
Semi-Retired Electrician
There could have been a neutral to ground short that you didn't see, and when you remade the splice you corrected it without knowing.
 

James L

Senior Member
Location
Kansas Cty, Mo, USA
Occupation
Electrician
There could have been a neutral to ground short that you didn't see, and when you remade the splice you corrected it without knowing.
One thing I just thought about is that circuit has 6 dimmers, all using the ground for control neutral

Wouldn't take a whole lot of leakage to go ahead and trip the gfci portion of the breaker
 

don_resqcapt19

Moderator
Staff member
Location
Illinois
Occupation
retired electrician
One thing I just thought about is that circuit has 6 dimmers, all using the ground for control neutral

Wouldn't take a whole lot of leakage to go ahead and trip the gfci portion of the breaker
The UL product standard that permitted the use of the EGC as the neutral for the electronics in switches limited the current on the EGC to 1/2 mA per switch.....6 switches with a bit of leakage current from something else on the circuit would get you to the 5 mA trip point.
 

mtnelect

HVAC & Electrical Contractor
Location
Southern California
Occupation
Contractor, C10 & C20 - Semi Retired
This kind of looks like what I am proposing for the 2025 NEC ? ...
 

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petersonra

Senior Member
Location
Northern illinois
Occupation
engineer
This kind of looks like what I am proposing for the 2025 NEC ? ...
The code already prohibits you from doing what you are trying to prevent. Labeling them is not going to prevent people from violating the code. The reason they do it now is because they are either lazy or don't know any better. Labeling the circuits in a junction box will not prevent laziness or lack of knowledge.
 

mtnelect

HVAC & Electrical Contractor
Location
Southern California
Occupation
Contractor, C10 & C20 - Semi Retired
The code already prohibits you from doing what you are trying to prevent. Labeling them is not going to prevent people from violating the code. The reason they do it now is because they are either lazy or don't know any better. Labeling the circuits in a junction box will not prevent laziness or lack of knowledge.

Thank you for comment ... I would like to solicit additional comments.
 

Fred B

Senior Member
Location
Upstate, NY
Occupation
Electrician
The code already prohibits you from doing what you are trying to prevent. Labeling them is not going to prevent people from violating the code. The reason they do it now is because they are either lazy or don't know any better. Labeling the circuits in a junction box will not prevent laziness or lack of knowledge.
How do you prevent unqualified and the ignorant from doing this type of thing? You can't. But I get a fair amount of work from "bad" installations, if it hasn't burned the house down first.

Had one that lucky someone wasn't severly shocked. Whom ever it was (handiman) that did the installation put the neutral conductor onto the grounding lug of a switch. It was a lighting switch leg that turned out to be part of a 3way (handiman didn't know that), and neutral was used as one of the travelers (handiman didn'tknow that). Customer called after handiman couldnt figure out why the light intermittently didn't work (handiman didn't know that), I found the switch strap was intermittently energized.
 
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