Metering EVs in underground parking

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MNSparky

Senior Member
Location
Minneapolis, MN
Occupation
Electrical Contractor - 2023 NEC
Hello all,

I have 4 condo buildings that have residents that are requesting the ability to install type 2 EVSE (often referred to as an EV charger) to charge their electric cars in the underground parking garage. Most condo building around here are built so the services come into the underground garage and there are meters and main breakers for the units in the garage, but no provisions to install branch circuits off of the residents meters. In a nutshell, the underground garage was never intended to have resident power installed in it, it's all association power. This is a major stumbling block for the buildings as it's easy to add a branch circuit off of association power but pretty difficult to add one off of resident power. I've explored the option of tapping the main disconnect for the units and adding a panel somewhere (so I can reduce the OCPD down to what the ESVE needs), but that is not sustainable as there is very little wall space to put all these panels unless I want to mount them in the parking stalls. If I do that, a lot of the time the bid to run the 100a feeder from the main to the space is overwhelming to the resident. Or if it's a 60a feeder, the capacity to add a 32amp load is just not there.

What I've done in one condo building is install a large panelboard and a bank of sub-meters fed from the associations power. The residents are then allowed to install a 40 or 50amp breaker in the panelboard that is metered by a submeter and run that out to their spot. It really brings the resident's cost down even though there is a somewhat large upfront expense of the new panelboard and submeter cabinet. The main problem with this is the association needs to read the submeters every month and send the residents individual EV bills so there is a bit of admin work (headache) involved.

These would be a lot easier to sell if there was a better idea or some way to automate the billings. Does anyone have a better idea? How do you in CA do it, supposedly you are the leaders in all things EV. I've spoken to Xcel Energy about metering options from them and they have nothing that would work outside of installing another service and meter bank. Ideally I'd be looking for a service that monitors the submeters remotely and bills the residents for a monthly fee so the association doesn't have to do it. I can't seem to find one online.

Any thoughts or suggestions would be appreciated. Thanks!
 

GoldDigger

Moderator
Staff member
Location
Placerville, CA, USA
Occupation
Retired PV System Designer
Many states and cities do not allow anything but a regulated utility to "sell" electricity by billing for privately metered consumption.
In California, this even includes billing at cost. But a landlord could offer a service by providing a charger and factoring the cost of power into the fee for using the charger.
 
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MNSparky

Senior Member
Location
Minneapolis, MN
Occupation
Electrical Contractor - 2023 NEC
Many states and cities do not allow anything but a regulated utility to "sell" electricity be billing for privately metered consumption.

I've never heard that. We install submeters quite often, most of them are metering tenants panels so the landlord can bill the tenant for the power used, usually in a commercial setting. Xcel didn't seem to have any issue with what I want to do, the engineering dept even spent 20 min on the phone brainstorming with me.
 

hbiss

EC, Westchester, New York NEC: 2014
Location
Hawthorne, New York NEC: 2014
Occupation
EC
I really have little sympathy for people who live in condos, coops or apartments who go out and purchase EVs then expect the management to somehow provide them with a way to charge their vehicle- at 100A per. Sub metering? How many "house" services can handle thousands of amps?

I actually like the idea of a separate service and utility metering. Make them pay, look at all they are saving on gas. :rant:

-Hal
 

jim dungar

Moderator
Staff member
Location
Wisconsin
Occupation
PE (Retired) - Power Systems
Many states and cities do not allow anything but a regulated utility to "sell" electricity be billing for privately metered consumption.

Many states allow you to resell power at cost, only utilities can make profit. This is the market that submetering products play well in.
TheOP should check with the various submetering companies and see if they have software that can handle the re-allocation of the power bill.
 

MNSparky

Senior Member
Location
Minneapolis, MN
Occupation
Electrical Contractor - 2023 NEC
I really have little sympathy for people who live in condos, coops or apartments who go out and purchase EVs then expect the management to somehow provide them with a way to charge their vehicle- at 100A per. Sub metering? How many "house" services can handle thousands of amps?

I actually like the idea of a separate service and utility metering. Make them pay, look at all they are saving on gas. :rant:

-Hal

Well, these are condos that are all privately owned so the residents aren't getting anything for free since they pay all the association dues which would eventually pay for the work. The residents are looking for the best and least costly way to do it, just like a homeowner of a single family home would. I haven't had any interest from any apartment buildings on this yet, but I'd guess it's coming. EV's aren't going anywhere, they are only going to become more commonplace like the battery pack drill has nearly replaced the corded version. I still carry one but I couldn't tell you the last time I used it. I, as an EC, see the value of getting into the EV market while it is still in it's infant stages so I can be known as the guy to go to in the future. I'm very surprised at the number of ECs that I encounter who either poo-poo EVs or simply don't deal with it out of fear of the unknown. That's fine with me, I'll take their work...
 

kwired

Electron manager
Location
NE Nebraska
How do public charging stations work? Seems might be more reasonable for there to be something similar to that in such housing situations where it is difficult to get power from individual units.
Many states allow you to resell power at cost, only utilities can make profit. This is the market that submetering products play well in.
TheOP should check with the various submetering companies and see if they have software that can handle the re-allocation of the power bill.

Seems that is possibly going to need to change if more EV charging is in demand.
 

hbiss

EC, Westchester, New York NEC: 2014
Location
Hawthorne, New York NEC: 2014
Occupation
EC
How do public charging stations work? Seems might be more reasonable for there to be something similar to that in such housing situations where it is difficult to get power from individual units.

That really is the answer. What I've seen is you put your credit card into it and you pay for what you use. Wouldn't be surprised that some company like those that provide ATMs are installing them.

MNSparkey said:
Well, these are condos that are all privately owned so the residents aren't getting anything for free since they pay all the association dues which would eventually pay for the work. The residents are looking for the best and least costly way to do it...

And that's the reason I would never live in one. I would have to kill somebody. What you say makes it sound like the residents and association thinking is altruistic, but in reality, what ever is decided is borne by all. A true dictatorship, or is it socialism. So the 92 year old lady in unit 175 who doesn't even have a car is going to be assessed an extra $1000/yr like every other owner so the people who have EVs and not paying for gas can charge them.

So yeah, they ARE getting something for free!

-Hal
 

MNSparky

Senior Member
Location
Minneapolis, MN
Occupation
Electrical Contractor - 2023 NEC
How do public charging stations work? Seems might be more reasonable for there to be something similar to that in such housing situations where it is difficult to get power from individual units.


Seems that is possibly going to need to change if more EV charging is in demand.

We've explored public charging stations as an option in this case but the issue there is there is fear that someone can park there for great periods of time (i.e. overnight), even if their car is fully charged, tying up the charger so no one else can use it. All association management that I've brought this up to wants no part of either regulating it or dealing with the complaints that will inevitably come when people are inconsiderate.

Most of the association boards I've met with want a solution where the individual can install their own charger at a reasonable price. The boards are open to doing a little extra admin work to make that happen, but they are turned off at the prospect of having to generate bills every month. Another solution I have brought up is I pull the power from the association service and a monthly fee gets added to that unit's association fees for the usage. This would eliminate the need for metering but it would be guessing at the actual usage. The associations aren't really into this solution as they could end up with people sharing chargers to get around the fees.
 

MNSparky

Senior Member
Location
Minneapolis, MN
Occupation
Electrical Contractor - 2023 NEC
And that's the reason I would never live in one. I would have to kill somebody. What you say makes it sound like the residents and association thinking is altruistic, but in reality, what ever is decided is borne by all. A true dictatorship, or is it socialism. So the 92 year old lady in unit 175 who doesn't even have a car is going to be assessed an extra $1000/yr like every other owner so the people who have EVs and not paying for gas can charge them.

So yeah, they ARE getting something for free!

-Hal

I agree with you on your stand against associations, I would never live in one either for the same reasons you state. But when someone moves in, they know what they are in for. The little old lady in 175 knew she was going to pay dues when she bought the place and she knew she was going to pay for the carpet in the hallways on the 2nd, 3rd and 4th floors even though she will never set foot up there. And she'll have to pay to have the lights in the garage, garage doors and parking lot maintained even though she'll never use those either. You make her out to be a victim - she signed up for it.
 
This overlooks the option of a fixed-fee connection, say maybe $50/month for an EV charging recepticle at the owner's parking space (I made up that number). Have the owner pay for most of the install (which the association then owns/maintains), figure out the power cost for a month, add in a kicker for future maintenance.
 

hbiss

EC, Westchester, New York NEC: 2014
Location
Hawthorne, New York NEC: 2014
Occupation
EC
We've explored public charging stations as an option in this case but the issue there is there is fear that someone can park there for great periods of time (i.e. overnight), even if their car is fully charged, tying up the charger so no one else can use it.

No. I meant a public charging station at each stall for those that have EVs. Really would be a private charging station wouldn't it? At any rate, make them pay for it.

NMSparkey said:
The little old lady in 175 knew she was going to pay dues when she bought the place and she knew she was going to pay for the carpet in the hallways on the 2nd, 3rd and 4th floors even though she will never set foot up there. And she'll have to pay to have the lights in the garage, garage doors and parking lot maintained even though she'll never use those either. You make her out to be a victim

She is. Sure, she knew she had to pay commons charges and for maintenance. But she didn't sign up to pay for a special interest that bought EVs.

Hey, if someone can afford a Tesla and save on not paying for gas they can foot the bill for their own charging station.

-Hal
 

kwired

Electron manager
Location
NE Nebraska
No. I meant a public charging station at each stall for those that have EVs. Really would be a private charging station wouldn't it? At any rate, make them pay for it.



She is. Sure, she knew she had to pay commons charges and for maintenance. But she didn't sign up to pay for a special interest that bought EVs.

Hey, if someone can afford a Tesla and save on not paying for gas they can foot the bill for their own charging station.

-Hal
:thumbsup:

Just buy a portable generator to charge the car with:cool:

better be one of those ultra quiet ones though so it doesn't disturb anyone.
 

junkhound

Senior Member
Location
Renton, WA
Occupation
EE, power electronics specialty
Deleted post, had an idea and described it but decided to erase and file an invention disclosure with company currently working for. :D
 
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