If it's a panelboard (placed in a cabinet or cutout box) then you've got to follow 312.2, with the exception that if you penetrate below "live parts" you don't need sealed fittings. As far as boxes are concerned, 314.15 seems pretty clear to me- side/back penetrations must be sealed. I don't necessarily understand why they left the last sentence in 312.2 out of 314.15.