230.70(A)(1) tells you that an interior service disconnect must be nearest the point of entrance of the service conductors. You have described a situation where the service conductors enter the building and then run further into the building in conduit to the service disconnect. The location of the service disconnect, therefore, does not comply with the requirements of 230.70(A)(1).
230.6 says that if the service conductors inside the building are encased in concrete, they are considered to be outside of the building. So you can run the service conductors inside the building, encased in concrete, up to the service disconnect, and then the service disconnect location will comply with 230.70(A)(1)...it will be nearest the point of entrance of the service conductors.