You have to specify the type of installation they are protecting and look into reports of similar issues for the specific type of installation.
I came across a situation where a customer had a malfunctioning ELV light. I tested the transformer with power applied to the primary and found no power on the secondary, thus discerning the transformer was bad. Checking the rest of the circuit, I found someone had put this light on standard dimmers as opposed to ELV dimmers, causing the damage to the transformer. I replaced both components, but still had a semi-malfunctioning light (only one pendant was kicking on w/ brand new bulbs in all three), so I then discerned that the damaged transformer had caused additional damage to the light track. I installed a new light, exact replacement, and everything worked fine.
Got a call back a week later that circuit was still tripping and had no idea why. This prompted me to look up AFCI breakers on ELV transformers and I found other reports of similar problems. It's all about the specific context to which they are applied... and sometimes you gotta endure looking like you don't know everything to discover new knowledge. The idea that we're supposed to know EVERYTHING about EVERYTHING is a joke perpetuated only by people who have no idea how much actually goes into electrical work, but I digress.
Other than that... the main things are (1) ensuring it's not on MWBC and (2) your wires aren't damaged and thus arcing.
AFCI, while made code in 2011, is still a relatively new technology.