Can anyone Help explain to me why when using different reference books the value for " K " of copper wire changes from 10.4 to 18.1? Is this kinda a problem that allows you to re calc if your first attempt wasn't low enough?
It sounds as though the books you are refering to are giving "Exact K factors". Generaly speaking it is the "Approximate K factor" that is used for quick calculations, this 12.9 for copper.
To find "Exact K factor" you can use this method.
R x CM / 1000 feet.
R = resistance
CM = circular mills
This will change with other variables, but this will get you close.