I don't believe there is any code requirement at all.
Some people think you need spacing for "noise" issues but if you have metal conduit noise is not much of an issue, and 4-20 mA signals are relatively noise immune to begin with.
I have seen a lot of specs that require 12", but I agree with Bob that the code does not require this and that if both the power and 4-20 are in separate rigid steel conduits there will be no issues.