Don't 'overthink' this.
How to make a bollard? Well, a quick resource is the requirements of your local PoCo. They will typically specify, in great detail, bollard construction for transformer pads, etc.
As I figure it, the PoCo has had some experience with 'typical' vehicle impacts. Please also note that it IS allowed to have the protection block access to the equipment, as long as the offending parts can be removed when service is necessary.
A typical bollard is made of 4-6" "well casing," is set into 3ft. of concrete, and extends 3-4ft. above the surface. The pipe is filled with concrete and the top is shaped to drain.
"Well casing" is made of a pretty hard steel alloy, and is best cut with an angle grinder, using a slitting blade. Band saw blades tend to just polish the rust on the side of the pipe. In practice, this means it can be really hard to set the poles so that the tops are all even with each other.
Yellow has to be the worst color to paint. Expect to apply at least six coats before you get that nice, uniform finish. Priming is recommended, and an oil-based paint (like Rust-Oleum) is preferred. If you wrap the roller in a plastic bag, you can use it to apply the next coat. One of those 4" 'regular' rollers (not the little foam gizmos) works well.