Ooohh, ooohh, you are close. Resistors are not allowed, but one could use a similar method measuring low resistance, aka continuity, instead.
Assuming all 11 conductors have no shorts and you have a low-resistance ohmmeter, on first floor wirenut 5 pair, leaving one with no connection.
Go upstairs.
Using ohmmeter, find the one that has no resistance to others.
Mark it 1.
Find each first-floor pair.
Mark one 2 and 3, another 4 and 5, etc. up to 10 and 11. (NOTE: you can do this and the three preceding steps in one process)
Wirenut pairs upstairs 1 and 2, 3 and 4, 5 and 6, etc, leaving 11 isolated.
Go back downstairs.
Mark the unpaired wire 1.
Measure ohms between it and the inside of each wire nut.
Based on lowest to highest ohm reading, mark the wirenuts 2-3, 4-5, etc. up to 10-11.
*
Disconnect 2-3 pair.
Ring out for 1 and 2 and verify no resistance to 3.
Mark 2 and 3 wires.
Reconnect 2-3.
Disconnect 4-5.
Ring out 1 and 4 and verify no resistance to 5.
Mark 4 and 5 wires.
Wash, rinse, repeat for the remaining wires.
*Process is a little longer using continuity, but uses a similar procedure.