What is available in test equipment to do this. Is there anything that will clip on that is capable? Or do I have to open the circuit and install something. I have watt-hour meters that will tell me, but the circuit has to be de-energized and opened up to install them. Is there any method that is quick and easy?
BTW, these circuits may have leading or lagging power factor currents in them.
For an induction motor, a tachometer may be the quick and slick method. There's probably something available in an optical non contact device.
The induction motor as a generator will have to be operated above synchronous speed and have negative slip to generate power. I have no idea what this does to voltage output and VAR production / absorbtion. But if you know the synch speed is 1800 or 3600 rpm, operation below synch speed indicates positive slip and the motor is a load, operation above synch speed requires positive slip and the load is driving the motor which drives power into the bus.
A synchronous motor / generator is exactly that. It operates synchronized to the bus within its stability limit. A tach will show no variance. There is a rotor angle factor if the rotor field is lagging the stator field and being driven by the stator field or the rotor angle leads and is being driven into the stator field.
If you have the budget for it, you may want to look at one of those $10,000 Fluke data loggers. I don't know if it will show you what you want to see but, hey, if it's the man's money, spending it is what keeps the economy going and people employed.