Continuous duty Variable speed motor Load Calculation

Sierrasparky

Senior Member
Location
USA
Occupation
Electrician ,contractor
You have been asked to size a service with many Variable speed motors. Does the Load calculation go by the nameplate or the power level chosen at installation?
This is are Variable speed pool pump motors used in continuous operation. 10-24hrs a day.
 
Use the NEC current for the motors. Not nameplate of motors or VFDs.
That's interesting as the NEC and the MH app has higher numbers than the nameplate.
So de- rating the circulating pumps at a 1 1/2 HP at 24hr long and continuous is not a legit way to calculate the service?
I hope that my assessment turns out correct as it looks like a major Service upgrade is necessary.
 
There are come options. First, people tend to want to pick a bigger motor for longevity. In reality, the motor amp draw is based mostly on load applied to it and not the size of the motor. But when calculating loads, you typically use the motor HP number in the code book to determine load. So if these motors are oversized, the price you pay is a higher electrical service rating and larger branch circuits.

Next, with the VFD, maybe it needs to run at max power for a short time so they bought properly sized motors. If all the motors need to run at max power, even for a short time, then the load calc should be the sum of all motors. Some places in the NEC let you apply a diversity factor if you have a bunch of something (e.g. stoves, clothes dryers, etc) and not all run at the same time. But I don't think they tend to have that for an array of pumps.

Finally, if this is an existing service, you can do a load calc based on actual measured KWHr readings per 220.87. This is easiest if you have a smart utility meter and they show your peak usage in the 15 minute intervals specified in the code book. The problem is, if these are new motors being installed, you have no usage history. It could still help your calc in that all existing stuff could be arm waved into a measured loading instead of the excessive number the NEC calc provides, then add you new pumps. Or maybe you can install some of them on the existing infrastructure to see what their actual loading will be? This could be a slow process, as you need 30 days of usage data if you follow the exception process in 220.87, then add more pumps and do it again, and repeat until they are all in.

If your service rating is already near the measured demand, you probably have no choice but to upgrade. If this is a new service you may be stuck with overly conservative NEC calculations.
 
There are come options. First, people tend to want to pick a bigger motor for longevity. In reality, the motor amp draw is based mostly on load applied to it and not the size of the motor. But when calculating loads, you typically use the motor HP number in the code book to determine load. So if these motors are oversized, the price you pay is a higher electrical service rating and larger branch circuits.

Next, with the VFD, maybe it needs to run at max power for a short time so they bought properly sized motors. If all the motors need to run at max power, even for a short time, then the load calc should be the sum of all motors. Some places in the NEC let you apply a diversity factor if you have a bunch of something (e.g. stoves, clothes dryers, etc) and not all run at the same time. But I don't think they tend to have that for an array of pumps.

Finally, if this is an existing service, you can do a load calc based on actual measured KWHr readings per 220.87. This is easiest if you have a smart utility meter and they show your peak usage in the 15 minute intervals specified in the code book. The problem is, if these are new motors being installed, you have no usage history. It could still help your calc in that all existing stuff could be arm waved into a measured loading instead of the excessive number the NEC calc provides, then add you new pumps. Or maybe you can install some of them on the existing infrastructure to see what their actual loading will be? This could be a slow process, as you need 30 days of usage data if you follow the exception process in 220.87, then add more pumps and do it again, and repeat until they are all in.

If your service rating is already near the measured demand, you probably have no choice but to upgrade. If this is a new service you may be stuck with overly conservative NEC calculations.
Thanks

The pump motors are all 3 HP VFD they don't make a 2HP.
Service is existing but nothing else is. So new load calc as if new. Historical is not applicable. Service serves multiple spas and pools it is at a condo complex. The use will be circulation probably 24hr in winter to protect from freezing 10hr day at higher speed summer. Jet pumps can all be expected to run for hours during peak time.
 
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