2/0 aluminum into a 50a breaker

Splice on 6” of #8 in the main panel?
I was thinking #4, but yes. That was my initial thought.

Polaris lug and go. I’ve even got a couple in my box from a job a while back.

Currently exploring transformer route, as it is but I’ve gotta finish getting back to the house and sit down and look it over thoroughly.
Back to the OP: I think you should revisit your assumptions for the voltage drop calculations.

Start with 'what do I want to supply with this feeder'. Not 'I want to supply a 50A panel', but rather a list of the equipment you need to run.

A well pump might only draw 5 or 10A when it is running, but need 30-60A when starting. That starting current will cause a huge (but temporary) voltage drop that might do things like make lights flicker. But if the only other things you are running are lights for maintenance on the well systems, you might not care about that flicker.

On the other hand, maybe you are running a pump to provide cooling water for your crypto mining rig, and you need a solid 240V with minimal fluctuations.

You can't do a voltage drop calculation before you clearly define what the loads and voltage drop requirements are.

-Jonathan

I’ll drag my numbers back up in the morning. I had based it on a full 50 amp load, and part of that is future proofing the shed the panel is attached to. I wanted a light in and outside the shed, a heat lamp in the pump house for winter, and maybe an outlet or two in the shed. Unfortunately when I do electrical on this place I have to plan around family, who have been overloading circuits since circuits have existed.
 
On the well questions:

Spoke with PumpMan today, 3 hp pump sitting at 180 ft, water level at 127ft. Pushing water up 78’ of elevation to the horse barns.

He said that with the specific pump we’re using, and wanting to keep full pressure at the highest point in the system that we would get, “more nuciance trips than you’d expect”

So with all due respect, I’m gonna trust the dude who has a 30+ year track record of almost trouble free wells on my family place. If he can make the irrigation wells run with no problem, I doubt we’re gonna have problems with this little shallow one.
 
On the well questions:

Spoke with PumpMan today, 3 hp pump sitting at 180 ft, water level at 127ft. Pushing water up 78’ of elevation to the horse barns.

He said that with the specific pump we’re using, and wanting to keep full pressure at the highest point in the system that we would get, “more nuciance trips than you’d expect”

So with all due respect, I’m gonna trust the dude who has a 30+ year track record of almost trouble free wells on my family place. If he can make the irrigation wells run with no problem, I doubt we’re gonna have problems with this little shallow one.
3HP makes all the difference..... Which is why I asked and got the "I don't question" response. I work around a LOT of pump guys and practically none of them know much more than amps and volts. In your case, I agree with that play. As you were.
 
If you really want to run 2/0 and there is room to deal with the large wire in the panel (loadcenter) just install a 100 or 125 amp breaker that will accept 2/0 wire. Installing a 50 amp breaker for a 2/0 cable assembly will actually be a violation anyway since the EGC will be undersized.
 
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