UL 430 covers household disposals. It's a little long and laborious, but it is clear that you do not calculate the branch circuit using Art. 430 rules. For starters, the HP of a disposal per UL is calculated from the line current stated on the label. The line current on the label is determined from testing under conditions described in the standard. It is makes clear that the line current regardless of any HP markings (even if on the data plate) is to be used for branch circuit sizing. The standard says that a disposal must start and operate on a circuit that is at least the stated current on the data plate and that the next standard size OCPD is OK. The most direct answer to the MCA is given in Section 59.6.
Assuming a typical disposal such as the one mentioned in the article of 9.8 amps and you use the manufacturer optional cord set (that by the way has a 5-15 cord end) and you want to put it on an individual outlet and branch circuit you would be required to use a 15 amp circuit with a 15 amp single receptacle. In fact, under these conditions you could not use a 20 amp circuit even if you wanted to.
So to sum up, I think the author the the article in question is clearly not correct on the subject at hand.
For those so inclined here is a link to the UL standard:
http://www.clearfwd.com/uploads/File/UL 430-2004(1).pdf