3 or 4 conductor

If it is a feeder, then you only need a neutral if there are L-N loads. If it is a service, then the Neutral has to be brought to the service disconnect, but that's it if you don't have L-N loads.
 
But if it is a service entrance panel, there might be a single grounded service conductor instead of a separate neutral and ground.

In that case, 4 conductors would work.
 
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