Breaker / Panel Applications

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Yesterday I walked a job for an upcoming remodel. This building has a 120/240V Delta 3 phase service. There are 6 panels all with 200A MB. All but one of these panels are 3 phase panels.
All 3 phase panels have 2 and 3 pole breakers installed. All of these breakers are slant rated 120/240. The panels them selves are standard QOC Sq D Loadcenters.
My interpretation of 240.85 would mean this is a code violation. If I am correct, why are so many people in violation of the code, and why are inspectors not enforcing it. At least not around here.
In search of this topic last night I came across the Green Wire for Traffic Light GO signal topic. In this conversation Lawn Guy stated although the traffic signal community does not recognize and therefore does not meet or exceed the NEC codes, who cares as long as only 1 in 3,000,000 people are injured. (sorry, I think this was the right #).
Point being In Houston Texas I could could show you thousands of services with "3 phase panels for 3 phase loads" and "single phase panels for single phase loads" but both panels using the same breaker types. No one or thing has been hurt that I know of because of these installations, and yet I can see were (if Im understanding the code correctly) breakers installed on the wrong voltage pose a serious risk to property and personnel.
So now I ask, do I expect my customer to pay me to replace or rework his service? This would add considerable cost obviously. This is a competitive bid project, but the service was not intended to be reworked. If I try to inform the customer of the danger involved with the existing conditions, and someone else, and or the AJH disagrees with my position and the project is completed with no service changes, I would look pretty stupid.

So am I all wrong about 240.85? If not how would you handle this situation.
Why do single pole breakers have a 120/240V rating? Does this imply they are tested at 240V?
 
Re: Breaker / Panel Applications

First of all, any component's voltage rating is based on the ability of its insulation system to prevent leakage current from its conductive materials to the outside world. For this reason, you cannot apply a voltage that is higher than a component's rating, without risking a short circuit to ground (e.g., through a breaker's plastic ? or whatever material ? case to the panel enclosure.

But if I understand your situation, you have a dual rated 120/240 breaker in a 120/240 volt system. In such a system, the voltage between any one conductor to ground is not more than 120 volts, and so therefore is not more than the breaker's lower voltage rating (i.e., of 120V). In addition, the voltage between any one conductor to another conductor is not more than 240 volts, and so therefore is not more than the breaker's higher voltage rating (i.e., of 240V). That complies with 240.85.

In what way do you see this as a violation?
 
Re: Breaker / Panel Applications

This is a delta high leg service, one pole to ground will read 208V.
Wouldn't this pole (in theory B Leg) be higher than the lower voltage rating of these breakers?
 
Re: Breaker / Panel Applications

It is a violation to use slash rated 120/240 2 pole breakers where they are connected with one pole on the high leg.

Square D does not make slash rated 3 pole breakers in the QO family, so those are no problem.

This missue of slash rated breakers has always been a violation of 110.3(B). But because "it's always been done that way" the stronger language of 240.85 was added.
 
Re: Breaker / Panel Applications

Sq D does make a delta breaker for 120/240 delta, they are ten times the price of a slash breaker and non-stock.
 
Re: Breaker / Panel Applications

So, how would you handle my customer?
Do AHJ enforce this in most areas, or is everyone turning their back do to cost?
I really dont think 90% of contractors here pay attention to this code, and or are not forced to abide by it therefore cut cost.
 
Re: Breaker / Panel Applications

Tom it is not a "delta" breaker, those are obsolete and not allowed by 408.36(E).

Square D makes a fully rated breaker for use on 240V to ground applications, including grounded-B phase. They have the catalog number QO2xxH so they are often called QOH breakers.
 
Re: Breaker / Panel Applications

Originally posted by nhlavsfan67:
So, how would you handle my customer?
Do AHJ enforce this in most areas, or is everyone turning their back do to cost?
I really dont think 90% of contractors here pay attention to this code, and or are not forced to abide by it therefore cut cost.
I would bet that the contractors as well as the AHJ just have no knowledge of this senario.That doesn`t negate the responsibility but it is there never the less.Same as there is no self defense in florida if there is a window to jump out of or any means of egress.Just because it has passed in the past doesn`t mean it is legal.
 
Re: Breaker / Panel Applications

lavsfan,

Have the inspector meet with you at the job site and explain the situation,ask him how he is going to call it. Once you know that your on your way!
 
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