IMO they can use any word they want, it will still be confusing to many, especially if the same root word is used for a portion of other terms.
Grounded conductor
Grounding electrode
Equipment grounding conductor
Many get confused with those terms because they see ground in all of them and think they are all the same because of that.
Earthed conductor
Earthing electrode
Equipment earthing conductor
If we were to change to these terms or something similar I don't think the confusion level would be much different then it is now.
Then throw in some special situations like a corner grounded system or a two wire source, and the confusion gets even higher for some.