You plug it into a known good outlet, and string it around the house using it as a reference point for voltage measurements.
Exactly. :smile:
Also can be useful in 'backfeeding" the dead recptacles, to find broken conductors or bad recptacles.
Never.
Well, I wouldn't do it. Not without specifically isolating the circuit or section of wiring under test. An intermittent open could become a 240v arc.
When it comes to troubleshooting, start with one basic premise: It used to work. Something has changed. You have to find out what it is, and restore it. The symptoms should be able to help you narrow it down before starting real work.
Added: If you have intuition and investigative skills, including asking questions, you can usually narrow things down to one of two or three boxes. Don't forget to check both sides of a wall, plus up or down in older construction.
Plug a 3-wire cord into a known-properly-wired receptacle. That gives you a hot, neutral, and ground reference that you can carry around with you. I strongly recommend a solenoid-type tester, or at least a low-impedance meter.
Stab one tester lead into the cord's hot slot, and test its own grounded and grounding terminals first. Don't assume anything. Always check your reference for proper operation. Also, always test the circuit's hot to its EGC, in case the grounded conductor is open.
Now, test the cord's hot against all three of the suspect circuit's conductors. You should get 120v on the grounded and grounding conductors, and either 0 or 240 on the hot. If you get nothing at all, figure on a cut cable. Power only to the EGC suggests open GFCI.
One more test: check the circuit's hot against the cord's grounded (or grounding) slot. Sometimes, as mentioned above, what seems like a de-energized circuit is actually an open grounded conductor. Loads don't show which conductor is open, because they have no line-to-EGC load.
Hope this was helpful.