You get charged for energy, nor energy rate.
One prediction on electric cars
- Thread starter gar
- Start date
- Status
An aversion to diesel maybe?
I did at one time. This is just the second diesel I've had. And that's in 50 years of driving.
Despite being a diesel, the engine is quite refined. At normal road speeds you wouldn't know the difference.
Service interval is 12,500 miles.
For sure, it isn't as quick as the 12-pot Jag that I had - 130mph as opposed to 150mph.
But that's a bit academic. Driving above the national speed limit here, 70mph, is to risk a ban. There are speed cameras everywhere.
Three strikes and you're out.
On my drive to and from work, about 50 miles, there are about ten sets each way.
I could get banned on one just trip one way.
- Location
- Placerville, CA, USA
- Occupation
- Retired PV System Designer
I can think of several possible problems:
1. The EU diesel engines may meet all of the gaseous emission requirements in the US, but still fail the relatively strict particulate emission limit unless modified.
2. It costs a bunch to get EPA certification, both in engineering time and in money. The manufacturers may not feel that the market justifies it.
3. It is a conspiracy.
mivey
Senior Member
Because they put the steering wheel on the wrong side!
It's actually on the right side.
But they do them with the steering wheel on the left side too.....
FionaZuppa
Senior Member
- Location
- AZ
- Occupation
- Part Time Electrician (semi retired, old) - EE retired.
yes, agree, but you can only determine energy used by "rate x time". instantaneous look at rate (t=x, delta t=0) is just the flux at that specific time.
kWh = kJ/s * h = kJ, a rate x time, etc. poco normalizes their charges against the rate for 1hr.
Last edited:
Yes - that's exactly kWh gives you.
gadfly56
Senior Member
- Location
- New Jersey
- Occupation
- Professional Engineer, Fire & Life Safety
Don't they use 15 minutes as the moving window for peak demand?
ggunn
PE (Electrical), NABCEP certified
- Location
- Austin, TX, USA
- Occupation
- Consulting Electrical Engineer - Photovoltaic Systems
Actually, in many places you get charged for both. In addition to the kWh charge for energy used there is a kW surcharge based on your peak demand.
I don't know how it is there but here it is usually over a period rather than an instantaneous value.
Such as fault current.
ggunn
PE (Electrical), NABCEP certified
- Location
- Austin, TX, USA
- Occupation
- Consulting Electrical Engineer - Photovoltaic Systems
It varies depending on the utility, but it is kW rather than kWh, though.
- Location
- Placerville, CA, USA
- Occupation
- Retired PV System Designer
Whether it is based on kWh in a 15 minute period or the average kW over that same 15 minutes, the practical effect is identical.
Once you set a time period energy is directly proportional to average power.
ggunn
PE (Electrical), NABCEP certified
- Location
- Austin, TX, USA
- Occupation
- Consulting Electrical Engineer - Photovoltaic Systems
Of course, but what some utilities are looking for is that peak rate of current flow. I have read tariffs that explicitly say that. Of course there really is no such thing as an instantaneous measurement of flow rate because any measurement methodology involves some sort of integration over time, but that's cutting it a bit fine for the real world, don't you think?
Last edited:
- Location
- Placerville, CA, USA
- Occupation
- Retired PV System Designer
Well, the instantaneous peak power every half cycle will be twice the average power, even for a constant resistive load, so you technically need to specify some time period.
I can also just see a customer billed for 10 or more times their average power when a fault occurs.
I can also just see a customer billed for 10 or more times their average power when a fault occurs.
ggunn
PE (Electrical), NABCEP certified
- Location
- Austin, TX, USA
- Occupation
- Consulting Electrical Engineer - Photovoltaic Systems
Well, the instantaneous peak power every half cycle will be twice the average power, even for a constant resistive load, so you technically need to specify some time period.
I can also just see a customer billed for 10 or more times their average power when a fault occurs.
Of course; see my edit.
kW is an instantaneous value.
Time or duration doesn't come into it.
ggunn
PE (Electrical), NABCEP certified
- Location
- Austin, TX, USA
- Occupation
- Consulting Electrical Engineer - Photovoltaic Systems
I am of course aware of that, but the language in some tariffs refers to kW rather than kWh. Just how many angels can dance on the head of that pin, anyway?
Fulthrotl
~Autocorrect is My Worst Enema.~
- Occupation
- E
Chickens are birds, right? How many chickens do humans kill every year?
with wind turbines? not more than a handful... the hard part is to throw them high enough
to reach the blades.
Fulthrotl
~Autocorrect is My Worst Enema.~
- Occupation
- E
there are other sources of portable liquid energy that you don't have to
dig for, drill for, and deal with all the crap in the middle east for....
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algae_fuel
the output can be stored without refrigeration as long as tanks have a
carbon dioxide purge. it can replace #2 diesel quite well, it seems.
Just as many as the chucks of wood that a woodchuck could if a woodchuck could chuck wood.......I am of course aware of that, but the language in some tariffs refers to kW rather than kWh. Just how many angels can dance on the head of that pin, anyway?
- Status