You are setting yourself up for grief.
I know how strong the desire is to 'use what you've got' (see my own thread about (mis)using transformer taps), but you won't get 480V out of that transformer without adding more hardware or actually getting a repair shot to physically change the transformer windings.
You have a transformer designed to step 480V to 240V. But what you want is a transformer designed to step 208V to 480V.
You might be able to get a repair shop to add taps on the 240V side, allowing use down to 208V. But doing this is probably not cost effective unless you have good friends at the transformer shop, and doing this would drop the KVA rating of the transformer without helping the grounding issue.
-Jon