Seen that damage before. Usually a contact that causes a structural shock to the fixture for it to break off both fastening points. A variety of causes potentially all related to accidental or intentional contact. (i.e.: Basketball, Ladder set up, tree limb falling, ice sliding off roof, etc.) All can potentially damage the box, especially an older one exposed to weather, without any apparent damage to the lighting fixture. Older exposed plastic box would be the weak point compared to new fixture.
Good luck getting admission of any of the above from the HO, but extremely unlikely that it be any sort of installation error short of as someone already mentioned (it "should have" replaced the old box when the new lamp was installed). I would look for surrounding conditions, new siding been installed, new holiday lights, a basketball hoop, gutters new or recently cleaned, etc., to verify even if only to myself possible cause of damage.
Public area? Vandalism more possible, (I bet you can't jump and hit that light). Look for shoe skid marks on the walls.