We know that you can't run USE cable inside a building, but is there anything in the NEC that would disallow URD to be run to a meter socket in a residential application?
depends on who installs it or has jurisdiction over it
really,,,
URD (with no other rating) is not a recognized conductor by the NEC (310.13)..
If the cable falls under NEC jurisdiction then it would not normally be approved...if the cable is under POCO jurisdiction, they can approve it.
I believe that 338.12(B)(2) says you can use it for your application. The URD cable you are refering to is "USE-2" compliant also. With "USE" being rated at 75 degrees and "USE-2" rated at 90 degrees, I would think it would be a good choice.