3.7. General Observations on Cell Level Experiments
Despite many negative results, a significant number of cell level experiments have shown positive effects from exposure to ELF fields. These results do not yet indicate any clear adverse impacts at the level of the whole animal. They do clearly demonstrate that: </font>
- <font size="2" face="Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif">the cell membrane is one site of action of the field; and, therefore, processes governed by the cell membrane may be candidates for disruption by field exposure, the immune response and cell - cell communication being two such processes;</font>
- <font size="2" face="Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif">the fields do not appear to act directly on the DNA structure; but may alter cellular processes by interfering with the transcription by RNA, a process in the chain of command from DNA to protein production;</font>
- <font size="2" face="Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif">the effects may show a complex dependence on the intensity and frequency of the field and the time pattern of exposure to the field; further, the effects of fields may depend on the direction of the applied field in relation to the earth's magnetic field or, upon whether the field is a simple alternating field or a pulsed field. (i.e., a field turned on rapidly for brief periods)</font>
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