Eh, sometimes you need to make sacrifices to get your foot in the door.
(1) Charge for everything VS (2) Charge for nothing... are both absolutist statements. There is an expansive gray area in between those two realities.
You are confusing two issues.
Issue one: Some businesses give away a certain amount of product (labor, materials, travel costs) to make the sale. There is nothing wrong with that. I personally give "free" estimates. Note that free means free to the client. Nothing a business gives away is free to the businesses. (If you got a product free from a supplier and gave it away, it's still costing you labor time to acquire it and give it away.)
Issue two: You have to pay for these items you give away somehow. The usual method is to include that cost in your overhead. Including the cost in your overhead causes your rates to be higher. this means that ALL YOUR PAYING CUSTOMERS are paying for the things you give away, even if you are only giving things away to a few customers. Even if you are giving things away to people who NEVER BECOME YOUR CUSTOMER and never pay you.
So:
"sometimes you need to make sacrifices to get your foot in the door" - yes, you give things like free estimates away.
"Charge for everything" - yes, everything, even the free stuff you give away, is paid for by your customers.
"Charge for nothing" - yes, you can spend hours making an unsuccessful bid which the prospective customer never pays for.
"There is an expansive gray area in between those two realities" - Nope, some people get stuff for free and everybody else pays for it.
A customer facing a decision between two electricians that are quoting the exact same price, but one has 1 yr in business and the other has 5 yrs in business, will go with more experience every time.
I would say this mostly false. Most customers don't research how long someone is in business so this does not influence their decisions. Positive reviews will influence a customer, but someone in business a short time can have more and better reviews. If two electricians quote the exact same price, the one that is friendlier or
sounds more knowledgeable will probably win out. Setting your rates low to win business is a horrible idea. It's called "the race to the bottom".
There is only one way to set your rates that guarantees you will make a profit and thus stay in business: Add up every single cost of running your business including all the stuff you give away and then add a profit amount to that. Charge all of that to your customers.