I suppose there is no name for this wire?[/QUOTE]
I would have thought it would be called a "system bonding jumper" but in looking at 250.30(A)(1) it doesn't really fit that bill either
the FPN in that section does point you to 250.142 for use of the grounded circuit conductor for grounding equipment to, and here in Indiana if you specify a grounded system the X0 will be bonded at the transformer, here only CT metered services are allowed to be ungrounded system by special request, so it's the norm for the X0 to be bonded like Don said, I have never heard of a utility who don't try to bond the secondary to the MGN, which is the same as bonding the X0? this is one of the main causes of utility stray voltage at farms and pools.
Even the NTSC requires this bond in almost all cases, but I think now allows a neutral blocker to be used.
We can under an engineer supervision request a separate EGC to be run with the service conductors so long runs don't put the neutral voltage drop on the grounding at the building, but that is a tough request to get allowed, we had to do this once for a house with a swimming pool that had over 800' run from the transformer to the house, the voltage drop on the neutral was causing a voltage between all the grounding at the house and Earth, including the pool, but the panel at the house was not bonded, like a subpanel.