History of NEC

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480sparky

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Iowegia
Sure. But how do we know correctly installed conduit has the same impedance over time vs when new? How do we know the steal doesn't oxide?

Copper can oxidize as well.

If you're this concerned about the quality of a ground-fault path, install 3 or 4 methods. No skin off my nose, and you'll out-price yourself for any job you bid on.
 

mbrooke

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Copper can oxidize as well.

If you're this concerned about the quality of a ground-fault path, install 3 or 4 methods. No skin off my nose, and you'll out-price yourself for any job you bid on.


Correct, copper can oxide. However, I see a splice or screw termination as a cold weld whereby the electrical to electrical (R1+R2+R3+R4) contact surface area is protected from oxidation or corrosion. Conduit on the other hand is subject to expansion and contraction whereby its movement within fittings repeatedly breaks any original metal to metal compression such that two long term oxidized surfaces can make contact.

IMHO, conduit expansion and contraction, along with the use of expansion joints is under emphasized.


IMO, the quality of the ground fault loop is thee most essential part of any electrical system.
 

Natfuelbilll

Senior Member
I've seen far more ungrounded and grounded conductor failures than I have metal raceway as grounding conductor failures.

We need to consider that there is a parallel path - one is the low impedance copper path and the other is the higher impedance steel path - both paths in parallel. The low impedance path will initially carry more destructive current, adding to its weakening and until the time the of its failure.
 

mbrooke

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We need to consider that there is a parallel path - one is the low impedance copper path and the other is the higher impedance steel path - both paths in parallel. The low impedance path will initially carry more destructive current, adding to its weakening and until the time the of its failure.


The breaker should open before the low impedance path weakens, which requires current to do so.
 

kwired

Electron manager
Location
NE Nebraska
Other than physically inspecting EACH metal raceway connection does anyone know of any other means to inspect raceway built EGC?
I would think if you pass a fixed current through it and check temperature at each fitting, any fittings hotter than the others are the ones that need attention. That may not always be simple or practical though.
 

mbrooke

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We're saying a grounding conductor, for the purpose, functions the same as using a metal raceway for the purpose of providing an ECG. Both are accepted by the NEC. Both function as designed... if installed correctly. Do sloppy work, and either can fail. Have a wire slip out of a wire nut when you shove it in the box? Installer error. Forget to tighten a set-screw on a connector? Installer error.

In terms of ability, the metal raceway far exceeds the capacity of any wire it can contain for fault clearing.



And out of the billions of conduit connections only a small minority fail.

Just seen while scrolling- notice the lack of wire EGC:


https://www.reddit.com/r/electricians/comments/nhwsau
 

mbrooke

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United States
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Technician
I see a locknut that wasn't tight enough.

Can have similar failure if you have someone trying to put several green conductors into a wire nut and one isn't really in there that good.

Schtuff happens.


Right, but how do we know this didn't get loose over time? Plus how do you even tighten that locknut correctly?
 
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