I think we're confusing ourselves a bit here ...
For the sake of argument, let's assume that you need to run some wires through a wall that is already completely filled with spray foam insulation - for example, to add a switch to the wall of a walk-in cooler.
Were you to do that, you would simply (yea, I know .. it sounds simple, but is a real PITA to actually do!) bore a channel in the insulation, then pull your cable throught the channel you created.
In that situation, you would only concern yourself with whether the hole was big enough for the cable .... you would not concern yourself with 'cable fill' requirements. You'd be delighted if there was already a 3/4" chase for your 5/8"OD cable.
I believe that the same principle applies here. A sleeve is just a sleeve. With the MC cable's sheath left intact, I do not see any need for the sleeve to be bonded, or for the sleeve to be any particular size. Nor, for that matter, need you use any 'approved' material; the sleeve can be copper tubing, square aluminum tubing, even a routed-out piece of wood.
With the EMT used as a sheath, it's not a wiring method; it's just a handy piece of pipe.