It doesn't really describe the letter designations.
INSULATION MATERIAL
C = Cotton
FEP = Fluorinated Ethylene Propylene
MI = Mineral (magnesium oxide)
PFA = Perfluoroalkoxy
R = Rubber (sometimes Neoprene)
S = Silicone "rubber"
SA = Silicone-asbestos
T = Thermoplastic
TA = Thermoplastic-asbestos
TFE = Polytetrafluoroethylene ("Teflon")
X = Cross-linked synthetic polymer
Z = Modified ethylene tetrafluoroethylene
HEAT RATING
H = 75 degrees Celsius
HH = 90 degrees Celsius
OUTER COVERING ("JACKET")
N = Nylon
SPECIAL SERVICE CONDITIONS
U = Underground
W = Wet
-2 = 90 degrees Celsius and wet
Therefore, a "THWN" conductor has
Thermoplastic insulation, is
Heat resistant to 75? Celsius, is rated for
Wet conditions, and comes with a
Nylon outer jacketing.