Working in dozens of service areas has revealed no consitant standard for safe work around and near energized equipment. My responsibility as electrical contactor on residential service work has ranged from hot connecting at the weatherhead to not being allowed to even connect the load side of the meter base. POCO policies are all over the place depending on where in the country you are working.
OSHA standards are generally not enforced by local AHJ and those inspectors are not helpful in navigating the rules. The responsiblity resides with the individual performing the work to be safe.
Compounding this dilemma are the various unlicensed "tradesmen" performing routine removal and replacement of devices and equipment that are unaware of shock or arc flash hazards.
Over the past 50 years, I have evaluated each job, regardless of how routine, as unique.
The general condition of the equipment, confined space, energy level, extent of the work et al contribute to the decision as to how I safely perform my task.
The 2020 NEC requirements for line side barriers on service disconnects has been a great safety improvement. The typical arrangement of utility side conductors adequately provides for no EXPOSED energized equipment, once the main is deenergized.
A separate service disconnect also eliminates this hazard.
We all work on ancient installations that have none of the modern safety features. My habit is to deenergize as much as practical and fashion barriers of cardboard, wood or other non conductive materials to mitigate exposure.
This may be unacceptable to literalists that prefer to follow the letter of the law. I however am a businessman and evaluate risk and reward daily, not only regarding safety but all decisions surrounding my business and profitability.
We are in an era of "safety first" as a prevailing mantra.
I disagree, perhaps to my own detriment.
None of the greatest American progress could have been achieved without risk. Certain risk is worth taking. Foolish risk is not. But, you must decide.
Electrical work, like much constuction work has certain inherent dangers. Modern improvements implemented to mitigate that risk are welcome improvements. There will always be room for improvement. Treating safety as the end goal is, in my opinion, a mistake. Instead, I will be as safe as possible in line with the risk exposure.
Absolutes seldom fit all situations. Be smart AND surround yourself with people smarter than you. There is much too learn!
I appreciate dissenting opinions and do not suggest my way work for everyone.
It works for me until I discover a better way.