An inline fuse holder would protect the ungrounded conductor but how would you ground the pole even without the receptacle, you have a egc from the pole lights and a grounded conductor from the transformer, what would you do to prevent a shock from the pole.
What little bill was reading (I thought) was that there was not even an EGC, nor was the pole bonded. I addressed the situation you describe in #14. The pole isn't installed per the NESC grounding rules.
To directly answer your question, you don't. Or at least hope the asphalt on the parking lot keeps someone isolated while touching a pole.